Friday, December 13, 2019
Wuthering Heights Free Essays
Catherine: I was overjoyed at Heathcliffs return. He surprised everyone and just ââ¬Ëturned upââ¬â¢ one night while we were eating. I wanted Edgar and Heathcliff to get along now that they were older and (I hoped) maturer so I made every effort to get them talking, unfortunately neither had much to say to each other. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the things that most surprised me about Heathcliff was that his appearance had changed; he was well built, and stockier than when he had left. I was so very pleased to see Heathcliff that I couldnââ¬â¢t sleep as I was so excited that one of my closest friends had returned. Edgar became very annoyed and I realised I had always had an affinity for Heathcliff that could not be compared in strength to anything. As I would not let Heathcliff go, Edgar and I grew further apart, and our arguments more frequent until one day I decided that I would feign illness to see if he still loved me. But instead of coming to sit by my side, he immersed himself in his books, as if trying to forget that I existed. It hurt me in a way that I cannot describe. I felt as if the world had no meaning anymore ââ¬â my husband did not love me, and I was at a place where I needed love and support most. It was only the intervention of Nelly that stopped me losing myself in a fit of passion for the moors. I decided to show them that by ignoring my feelings, I would in turn hurt theirs; I would ââ¬Å"break both their hearts by breaking my ownâ⬠. Edgar: I was extremely surprised to see a ââ¬Ëplough-boyââ¬â¢ arrive on our doorstep, only to be treated like a brother by Catherine. I was unsure what the fuss was about and confused as to why Catherine was so excited about the return of this runaway servant. Catherine wanted me to get along with Heathcliff but I knew the man when I was younger and had long decided to part myself from him. He immediately disrupted the household and caused Catherine to have sleepless nights. I saw a side of her that I had not previously seen. See seemed to talk endlessly about the old times and how they got on together. See would never talk to me properly, and when I even hinted that I did not like the fellow she flew into a rage and we would end up arguing. Heathcliff did not help matters one bit. He lay around aimlessly, preferring to watch and stir trouble if he could. I was not entirely bother by him though as anything that made Catherine happy, made me happy, and I tried as best I could to get along with him. Unfortunately, little did I know that he would cause our family to be ruined. Isabella: As soon as I met Heathcliff, I though he had a rough charm about him that I adored. I did not really know about his past, and that I did know I took with a pinch of salt, as I knew many people did not understand him. I wanted to know him better for a long time but my mother would hardly let him out of her site, let alone let anyone else converse with her precious friend. Eventually we agreed to elope together and only then did I see the real side of Heathcliff that I had come to cherish. He was an evil man. As soon as I realised I was pregnant I knew my life on the moors had ended and ran away to a place where I could start afresh. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Papers Wuthering Heights Free Essays Wuthering Heights In Emily Bronteââ¬â¢s novel Wuthering Heights she depicts the balance of good and evil and does this so through her characters and their relationships with one another. Emily accomplishes this through her multitude of biblical allusions that depict the disolant road that older Catherine trots down, while Heathcliff and Edgar bash skulls for the hand of Catherine more than once. Each of these complex relationships take place with different intentions. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now One has selfish intentions while the other has pure hearted intentions. This creates a veil of anticipation for each of the characters that is constantly strained and only creates more turmoil within the Wuthering Heights community. Thus love for the wong reasons ulitmatly end up in their imment self-destruction. Following along with the theme of love hate, greed and selflessness one of the most distinct characters in Wuthering Heights is Edgar. Even though his character is in a broad point of view dull he does exemplify qualities of true honest love for the older Catherine. This unconditional love towards her later in the book creates friction with three of the main characters as him and Heathcliff bash heads more than once for the love of older Catherine. On one hand Heathcliff has devilish motivations for the hand of Catherine, while Edgar reveles that his love is unconditional, as shown here, ââ¬Å"No mother could have nursed an only child more devotedly than Edgar tended her. Day and night he was watching and patiently enduring all the annoyances that irritable nerves and a shaken reason could conflict. In this little piece of the book tells a tale about the feelings Edgar has towards Catherine. First of all, naturally mothers are the ultimate care takers as they take care and nurture babies to health. So saying that, ââ¬Å"No mother could have nursed an only child more devotedly than Edgar tended her. â⬠Is also saying that since a motherââ¬â¢s love is boundless and all focused on one child that that one child would receive so much love t hat it would be just overkill, but since it says Edgar took better care than a mother in that situation it only shows the honest and true love he has for Catherine. In the second portion of the passage from the novel it babbles on about how Edgar tends to her every whim even though dealing with her as she through her ever Deeping depression and her ever increasing irritability; nothing less than ripping hair from a scalp with so much that the onslaught dug out even the deepest roots. Even though this he still loves her with unconditional love. Due to this Edgar sheds light on this novel through a biblical passage were it descibes the purity of affection in 1st Corinthians were it says, ââ¬Å"Love is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. In this quote written by the apostle Paul through the words of god tell the true tale about love, and fits together like a puzzle when compared to Edgarââ¬â¢s affection. On the other side of the love triangle, focusing on Older Catherine and Heathcliffs relationship is one thatââ¬â¢s been strained since their youth. This is due to the mishap that Catherine made when they were younger, and will come later in life to haunt her; this is the rejection of Heathcliffââ¬â¢s love due to the soul fact of this inferior intellect, even though she loved him too. She later on in her life eventually regrets this as she marries Edgar on the soul fact of his social status, and as Heathcliff returns form his quest for knowledge arises once hidden emotions she had for Heathcliff as shown here, ââ¬Å" Oh, the evil is that I am NOT jealous, is it? ââ¬â¢ cried Catherine. ââ¬ËWell, I wonââ¬â¢t repeat my offer of a wife: it is a bad as offering Satan a lost soul. Your bliss lies, like his, in inflicting misery. You provide it. Edgar is resorted form the ill-temper he gave way to at your comeing; I begin to be secure and tranquil; and you, restless to know us at peace, appear resolved on exciting a quarrel. Quarrel with Edgar, if you please, Heathcliff, and deceive his sister: youââ¬â¢ll hit on exactly the most efficient method of revenging yourself on me. â⬠In this passage from the novel it contributes to the theme by adding a dynamic that hasnââ¬â¢t been seen befor this by adding a biblical refrence were it compares their relationship to Satan and offering him a lost soul. Satan is already a lost soul and king of evil so he wouldnââ¬â¢t want a lost soul to heal, he would only damage it. When Emily makes this she shows the desperaty of their relationship that its lost and that no matter what it canââ¬â¢t be re-kindled. It also shows the inner most thoughts and feelings of Catherine and the feelings she has for him that once laid dormant but are now has arose. As the result of the two conflicting oppositions Catherine is plunged into a situation where she has to choose from, the man she married and made sacrid vows. Vows that in the bible describe the life long bond that the two parts reate and should never be broken unless sin was committed with another other than you husband/wife; in this situation though Edgar has stayed true to her, and has gone to hell and back for her. While on the other hand thereââ¬â¢s Heathcliff, the love of her youth, the person who is likes her missing piece of her puzzle. That is until she denied him her love due to reasons that would be considered selfish. Now with the return of Heathcliff the spark is re-ignited and feelings that o nce lay dormant now arise to take strangle hold of here mind and judgment. This conflicting affects so much so that her heart is torn into shreds and her mentality has shifted a broad overlook of life as if itââ¬â¢s one shade and that shade is black, as described by Edgar, ââ¬Å"Catherine had seasons of gloom and silence now and then: they were respected with sympathizing silence by her husband, who ascribed them to an altar-ness, as she was never subject to depression of spirits before. â⬠By analyzing this passage it tells a tale of the life of Catherine. It helps to show that she wasnââ¬â¢t always depressed, and she never use to act like she does now; unfortunately that was until she married Edgar. It also shows the dispare she now feels that her love is gone for good and she is stuck with a person who she doesnââ¬â¢t love. Bounded by the vows of marriage. This passage also shows the inner most thoughts of Catherine as she lays in bed stricken by guilt, depression in a life that Heathcliff isnââ¬â¢t apart of. Even though the love triangle of Heathcliff, Cahterine, and Edgar proves that love shouldnââ¬â¢t be towed with for selfish gains and that the outcomes with these intentions will invertably lead to ones imminent self destruction. But itââ¬â¢s through the turmoil and the actions of the characters that it shows the complexity of love, that it should be through pure honest devotion that you should ever marry. Not for personal gain and not through love, this will invertably end up bad every time. In Emily Bronteââ¬â¢s novel Wuthering Heights Emily depicts the fundamental aspect of human emotions and actions towards the search for ones true love; she accomplishes this by giving us a ying and yang sineario in the novel through the eyes of both the older Catherine and younger Catherine. This ying yang sinearo is played out through two girls who in many aspects deal with the same personal turmoil and outside obstacles delaying them from obtaining what their heart desires. Through their personal turmoil they are faced with many of the same problem, yet at the fork in the road they part separate ways, one down the road to selfish deeds and imminent self-destruction and eternal damnation, while the other acts out of selfless deeds and even though younger Catherine goes through her own personal hell eventually finds How to cite Wuthering Heights, Essay examples Wuthering Heights Free Essays Emily Bronte, the author of Wuthering Heights wrote this book setting the scene in 1801 on a cold winter evening. Itââ¬â¢s written in present tense and is narrated by the main characters; Mr Lockwood a tenant at Thurshcross Grange and Nelly Dean, the housekeeper of Thurshcross Grange. Chapter one introduces the characters Mr Heathcliff, Joseph, Cathy and Mr Lockwood himself. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now He is currently visiting Yorkshire and is therefore staying at Thurshcross Grange his landlord is Mr Heathcliff who lives at Wuthering Heights. Mr Lockwood pays a visit to him and his family where he comes across Joseph, the servant and Cathy whom is the daughter-in-law of Mr Healthcliff. Bronte introduces the characters in different forms. This makes the novel confusing however we soon establish that Bronte writes in this format so the suspension remains throughout the story. Chapter two gives us a better insight of the family, clearing up the confusion. We discover who Cathy actually is as she comes across as Mr Heathcliffs wife in chapter one we also discover that Cathy actually had a husband, Linton Heathcliff who died. Also in chapter two, the description of the house is revealed and the setting and the kind of atmosphere which is expected from such a household. The speech of Joseph is phonetic; he has an unusual dialect unlike Mr Lockwood whose dialect portrays a very educated man. Reading josephs dialogue is difficult as its written phonetically. ââ¬Å"whet are ye for? â⬠¦ T maisterââ¬â¢s dahn Iââ¬â¢ tââ¬â¢ fowld. Goa rahnd by thââ¬â¢ end utââ¬â¢ laith, if yah went tuh spake tull him. â⬠Whereas the vocabulary used by Mr Lockwood is very complex and by first impressions it seems as though Mr Heathcliff is intimidated by this but reading on we soon determine his character. The setting is light cold snow which turns into a blizzard, in which Lockwood is unable to return to Thurshcross Grange. Mr Healthcliff makes it very clear that he is unwelcome despite the many attempts and obvious hints he makes to accept him for the night. ââ¬Å"As to staying here, I donââ¬â¢t keep accommodations for visitors: you must share a bed with Hareton or Joseph, if you doâ⬠Lockwood however manages to obtain a room to spend the night in. Zillah the housekeeper who we are now introduced to shows him the way. The night then continues through chapter three where Lockwood has a terrifying experience. The chapter begins quite fearful as Zillah leads Lockwood to a forbidden room. Lockwood is unaware until Zillah informs him. As he begins to settle into the ghostly room he embarks upon the window ledge which is engraved with the name Catherine in a number of manifestations. ââ¬Å"Catherine Earnshaw, Catherine Linton and Catherine Heathcliffâ⬠As Lockwood begins to fall asleep he reads some sort of diary which seems to be composed by Catherine herself. Lockwood falls asleep while reading and experiences two frightful nightmares. One of those was extremely life like, where Lockwood believed he saw Catherine and couldnââ¬â¢t get to her. This is a very gothic atmosphere and theme to the novel. Heathcliff shortly appears as he hears Lockwoodââ¬â¢s scream who apologises for disturbing him. Lockwood then returns to Thurshcross Grange and is welcomed by the housekeeper Nelly Dean. Chapter four, where the story now begins to get interesting and more focused. Curious of the event that had occurred Lockwood confides in Nelly and begins to ask questions to clear up his knowledge of the family living at Wuthering Heights. Nelly now has a narrative position as she begins to reveal the history of Catherine and Heathcliff and the relationships within the family. We are also introduced to another two characters; Mr Earnshaw, Catherineââ¬â¢s father and Hindly, Catherineââ¬â¢s brother. Nelly basically explains that Heathcliff and Catherine didnââ¬â¢t get along to begin with but finally become civil friends. Whereas Hindly treats Heathcliff with no respect in which Hindly got beaten up. As a result of this Heathcliff became oblivious to the emotional needs of others. This chapter is only a vague introduction into the lives of those at Wuthering Heights. The language used by the characters is very different as already mentioned. The lexis differs depending on whom is speaking. Joseph as mentioned has a phonological dialect and is very distinctive compared to the others because of this. Mr Lockwood on the other hand is very educated and portrays this in the use of his vocabulary which is very complex and some words are possibly unknown which can make it difficult to understand him whereas josephs is difficult to read let alone understand. Nelly Dean seems to use Standard English fluently. The syntax may come across as unusual, this is because the story is set and written in completely different centuries. I found reading the first four chapters was very confusing and needed a lot of focus. It did however create a magnificent setting and explained the complex family very well. Without the introduction like this we wouldnââ¬â¢t have been so curious and fascinated with the unusual family of Wuthering Heights. We are also left at the end of chapter four with suspense and excitement as Nelly only briefly introduces the characters. I believe that Emilyââ¬â¢s intentions were to set the scene as well as she could and introduce as many characters in a style that will associate well with the themes of the novel itself, keeping readers attention captured as she twists the story and as we read along we realise how unpredictable the story is which keeps us more entertained as we want to know what happens next. Emily not also introduces the present characters but also those that have died. Which divides the present and past and because of the interest of the past characters by Lockwood and his un answered questions, we then too begin to question the novel. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Essay examples Wuthering Heights Free Essays ââ¬ËFiction of this period is dominated by the charactersââ¬â¢ need to escape from walls, boundaries and ideological restrictions. ââ¬â¢ How far do you agree with this interpretation of Wuthering Heights and your partner text? In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte emphasises the ways in which characters are literally trapped, emotionally repressed, socially oppressed and intellectually guarded. Bronte portrays her character as determined to break free from their shackles and explores the theme in three key ways. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bronte satirises the churchââ¬â¢s vain attempts to control the charactersââ¬â¢ lives and curb their instincts. Written in the 1840ââ¬â¢s but set between 1770 and 1802, the novel also reveals the ways in which the industrial revolution was allowing people to undermine and overcome hitherto rigid class boundaries. Finally, Bronte depicts the ways in which women are challenging their traditional roles. Throughout the novels Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte and Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte countless comparisons can be made. Both novels are stories of love and how this powerful emotion was able to overcome countless obstacles. These obstacles were lengthy struggles that characters within each novel were faced with and went through immense pain all for love. In the novel Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte portrays Christian morality and causes characters to feel claustrophobic with her frequent reiteration of religious ideas. The character of Joseph is a devout Christian and so symbolises all that is good about a characters morality, this is evident when Lockwood describes Joseph as having ââ¬Ëransackedââ¬â¢ the Bible for his entire life. Whereas the character of Hindley for example conveys the opposite viewpoint and all that is bad about Christian morality when he orders Joseph to work ââ¬Ëout of doorsââ¬â¢ with the peasants. These religious ideas are highlighted in only the second chapter when Lockwood compares his first impressions of Wuthering Heights to a religious home and how he possibly feels claustrophobic when he claims it has a ââ¬â¢dismal spiritual atmosphereââ¬â¢, this immediately implies to the reader that perhaps the character of Lockwood is religious because he is almost comparing Wuthering Heights to a place of worship. This is further emphasised in the sixth chapter when Heathcliff and Catherine run away to the moors and describe it as being ââ¬â¢in heavenââ¬â¢. This elicts to the reader that Wuthering Heights is like hell, and so they feel trapped, which insinuates at the idea of claustrophobia. Also, by describing it as this would show that perhaps Heathcliff and Catherine have had some sort of religious teaching in their upbringings due to their understanding of the ideas of heaven and hell. Furthermore, in chapter seven Bronteââ¬â¢s use of the simile ââ¬Ëlike devils spiesââ¬â¢ further questions the readerââ¬â¢s attitude towards Christian morality and the imagery of ââ¬Ëpurgatoryââ¬â¢ is perhaps a metaphor for Wuthering Heights. This constant bombardment of religious diction reiterates and enables Bronte to present the idea of Christian morality in the readerââ¬â¢s mind. Moreover, in chapter twelve the thought of church being a burden on their lives and the fact that they are almost forced to believe in it is stressed when Lockwood says ââ¬Ënot go to churchââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëbury me then throw the church over meââ¬â¢. This sarcastic approach towards the church and Christianity in general shows the characters are perhaps growing tiresome of going to church and are conceivably just fed up with their humdrum lives. It also displays to the reader the typical life of an eighteenth century family in that they must go to church as regularly as possible and if they donââ¬â¢t then they are perceived as the black sheep of the family. This idea of people growing tired of the same old routine is repeated when Nelly Deanââ¬â¢s daily routine is expressed as ââ¬Ëthe chapelââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëthe only building she had enteredââ¬â¢. This underlines the idea of claustrophobia being withstood by the characters because other than Wuthering Heights the only other place to seemingly visit is the chapel. Therefore the characters lives more or less revolve around going to chapel and then coming back to Wuthering Heights again, which imaginably would be quite tedious. Both Wuthering Heights and Jane Eyre explore the ideas of Christian morality with the use of ghosts. The ghost of Catherine appears to Lockwood whilst and Jane seeââ¬â¢s visions of her uncle after being locked in her room. However it could be argued that they explore different aspects of Christian morality because in Wuthering Heights the character the highly religious character of Joseph is perceived to be a kind and pleasant man, whereas the religious character of Mr Brocklehurst in Jane Eyre is portrayed as an unlikeable and obnoxious character. Another way in which Bronte gives the characters a sense of claustrophobia is the way in which she emphasises female entrapment throughout the novel. This is evident in only the fifth chapter when Lockwood expresses the idea of keeping Catherine separated from Heathcliff ââ¬Ëkeep her separateââ¬â¢. This illustrates that Lockwood has no qualms about taking Catherine away from Heathcliff at a very early stage in the novel and so shows the immediate entrapment being suffered by Catherine under Lockwoodââ¬â¢s authority. Whatââ¬â¢s more, in the very next chapter Catherine escapes Wuthering Heights with Heathcliff and together they ââ¬Ërun away to the moorsââ¬â¢. This idea that Catherine has escaped and is now enjoying the freedom of the moors could suggest that she has been trapped inside Wuthering Heights for some time and that running away is her rebelling against Lockwood. Additionally, in chapters eleven and twelve respectively Bronte uses description such as ââ¬Ëslammed the doorââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëlaid aloneââ¬â¢ when portraying the treatment Catherine is receiving whilst she is unwell. The fact that she is laid ââ¬Ëaloneââ¬â¢ seems to suggest that she is being summoned to her own bed and ordered not to get out. Also, due to the fact that Catherine is ill would mean she would be unable to perform simple tasks yet as she is depicted as being alone would imply there is no one there to help her. Moreover, in chapter thirteen, Isabella finds comfort from hiding in Haretonââ¬â¢s room and describes it as ââ¬Ëshelterââ¬â¢ from the rest of the house. This stresses the idea of claustrophobia within the novel as Isabella only really feels safe in just one room out of an entire mansion. Another example of where claustrophobia is portrayed through the theme of female entrapment is apparent in chapter fifteen when Catherine deliberates running away from Wuthering Heights forever ââ¬ËIââ¬â¢m tired of being enclosed hereââ¬â¢ and she later describes Wuthering Heights as a ââ¬Ëshattered prisonââ¬â¢. These choices of diction clearly illustrate a strong resent for living at Wuthering Heights as she is dead beat towards remaining there under the command of Hindley. Wuthering Heights is similar to that of Jane Eyre because in Wuthering Heights, confinement defines the course of Catherineââ¬â¢s life. In childhood, she alternates between the constraint of Wuthering Heights and the freedom of the moors and in Jane Eyre the character of Jane is treated as a slave and is often limited to just one room in her adopted parentââ¬â¢s house. However they are different due to the fact that in the end Jane manages to overcome this female entrapment whereas Catherine never truly does. Throughout the novel of Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte is continuously depicting class restriction as one of the reasons behind many characters claustrophobic behaviour. This is most visible in the sixth chapter when Hindley orders Heathcliff to ââ¬Ëlabourââ¬â¢ and work ââ¬Ëout of doorsââ¬â¢. Hindley does not believe it is right that Heathcliff has come from a working class background yet has somehow managed to slip his way into living with the upper class residents of Wuthering Heights. So now that Mr Earnshaw has died and Hindley has taken over the reins, he immediately uses his new found clout to deposit Heathcliff back with the working class. Furthermore, later on in chapter six, Heathcliff and Catherine are out exploring the moors and amongst their excitement and delirium decide to have a race. But Catherine loses because she is ââ¬Ëbarefootââ¬â¢. The race could possibly symbolise freedom and that they can do whatever they want now there are little restrictions, in stark contrast to the claustrophobic atmosphere of Wuthering Heights. Also, with Catherine being ââ¬Ëbarefootââ¬â¢ gives the impression that although she is of an upper class background, when she is accompanied by Heathcliff she is seemingly converted to stereotypical working class behaviour. Whatââ¬â¢s more, in chapter seven, Hindley abruptly orders Joseph to leave dinner ââ¬Ësend him to the garretââ¬â¢. This is palpable evidence that Hindley again is using his new found status to take advantage and single out the alleged lower class residents of Wuthering Heights. Also, the way in which Hindley orders Joseph to be absent makes it seem as though it is the job of the servants to throw him into the garret, further emphasising the class restriction within Wuthering Heights. Moreover, roughly half way through chapter thirteen, Hindley persuades Isabella to go up to Heathcliffââ¬â¢s room and voluntarily lock herself in ââ¬Ëbe so good as to draw your lockââ¬â¢. This conveys Hindley as being forceful yet sarcastic in the way he patronises Isabella and shows that Hindley thinks himself a lot more highly than Isabella. Also, the fact that Hindley is asking Isabella to lock herself in shows she has no preference and so perhaps Bronte is suggesting that Isabella feels claustrophobic whilst in Wuthering Heights. In addition, Hindley arranges a tutor to come and teach Hareton in chapter twenty to come from ââ¬Ëmiles awayââ¬â¢. This perfectly demonstrates the idea of class restriction having a direct influence on claustrophobia. Firstly, the idea of being able to hire a tutor generally depicts an upper class family but by noting that he is travelling a fair distance highlights the isolation of Wuthering Heights from the rest of civilisation. Wuthering Heights is about the grim love story between the sweet and sincere Cathy and the violent and primitive Heathcliff. Their love is predestined to a tragic end due to the difference in social class. This is similar to the relationship between Jane Eyre and Edward Rochester but whereas in Jane Eyre the main character of Jane is an orphan who is tormented by her aunt and cousins. She spends her childhood in an orphanage, where her individuality is suppressed, but finds a job in a rich house as a governess. Jane falls in love with the owner of the house, Edward Rochester, and ultimately lives happily ever after. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Essay examples Wuthering Heights Free Essays The concept that almost every reader of Wuthering Heights focuses on is the passion-love of Catherine and Heathcliff, often to the exclusion of every other themeââ¬âthis despite the fact that other kinds of love are presented and that Catherine dies half way through the novel. The loves of the second generation, the love of Frances and Hindley, and the ââ¬Å"susceptible heartâ⬠of Lockwood receive scant attention from such readers. But is love the central issue in this novel? Is its motive force perhaps economic? The desire for wealth does motivate Catherineââ¬â¢s marriage, which results in Heathcliffââ¬â¢s flight and causes him to acquire Wuthering Heights, to appropriate Thrushcross Grange, and to dispossess Hareton. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Is it possible that one of the other themes constitutes the center of the novel, or are the other themes secondary to the theme of love? Consider the following themes: Clash of elemental forces. The universe is made up of two opposite forces, storm and calm. Wuthering Heights and the Earnshaws express the storm; Thrushcross Grange and the Lintons, the calm. Catherine and Heathcliff are elemental creatures of the storm. This theme is discussed more fully in Later Critical response to Wuthering Heights The clash of economic interests and social classes. The novel is set at a time when capitalism and industrialization are changing not only the economy but also the traditional social structure and the relationship of the classes. The yeoman or respectable farming class (Hareton) was being destroyed by the economic alliance of the newly-wealthy capitalists (Heathcliff) and the traditional power-holding gentry (the Lintons). This theme is discussed more fully in Wuthering Heights as Socio-Economic Novel. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Essay examples Wuthering Heights Free Essays Written in the 19th century, the concepts explored within ââ¬Å"Wuthering Heightsâ⬠would be terrifying towards its audience. The 19th century was an age whereby there was a huge expansion of the British Empire; therefore there was a lot of new cultural difference introduced into Britain at this time. Therefore the concept of the ââ¬Å"otherâ⬠would have been one which was unfamiliar, and unaccepted to a 19th century audience. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Our protagonist and ââ¬Å"gothic heroâ⬠Heathcliff is a character which would have scared a society and this is symbolised by his degrading treatment by all those who are considered as ââ¬Å"normalâ⬠. The ââ¬Å"unreclaimed creatureâ⬠is immediately dehumanised through his descriptions as ââ¬Å"itâ⬠, and is immediately victimised by all the other characters within the stories. Catherine ââ¬Å"spitsâ⬠at him and Hindley often strikes him. But I think it is Heathcliffââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"darkâ⬠skin tone arguably scares his companions into acting in such a way. Like other dark figures such as Othello in Shakespeares ââ¬Å"Othelloâ⬠Heathcliff posses the capability to love a ââ¬Å"thousandâ⬠times better than Edgar Linton, thus suggesting that he posses the capability to love a thousand times better than us, the audience. He is what Freud described as a monumental figure- he is larger than life. His capability to love like a God causes us to immediately denounce him into an ââ¬Å"imp of Satanâ⬠, a ââ¬Å"devil daddyâ⬠and practically shove him into the category of the sub- human. This is simply because we as humans want to see ourselves as the best and like God; Catherine for example assumes herself as entering ââ¬Å"heavenâ⬠. However she even acknowledges the supernatural capabillity of Heathcliff describing his love as the ââ¬Å"eternal rocks beneathâ⬠even though there is no ââ¬Å"visible delightâ⬠. This only leads to the angels ââ¬Å"flingingâ⬠her out of Heaven because of their anger and onto the Heights- the dwelling of Heathcliff. Her infatuation with this ââ¬Å"black villainâ⬠only proves that h e is greater than the normal and the ordinary i. e. the British therefore us. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Essay examples Wuthering Heights Free Essays Have you ever known what it felt like to truly love someone? There is lust, infatuation, puppy-love but have you ever known true love? In ââ¬Å"Wuthering Heightsâ⬠Catherine and Heathcliff think they have found true love, but other may conclude they just have a crude mix of affection, lust, infatuation and need. Cathy shows very well that she does not truly love Heathcliff. Love is when two people would do anything to be together no matter what size, color, social status or imperfection. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Iââ¬â¢ve no more business to marry Edgar Linton than I have to be in heaven; and if the wicked man in there had not brought Heathcliff so low, I shouldnââ¬â¢t have thought of it. It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff now; so he shall never know how I love himâ⬠(pg. 73) Catherine says she would not even think of marrying Edgar if Hindley had not degraded Heathcliff, making him a common servant. If Cathy really loves Heathcliff none of this should matter. In the end Catherine is deciding to marry Edgar, this completely tears Heathcliff apart to the point where he runs away from Wuthering Heights. Heathcliff is being put through miserable heartbreak and when he finally returns to Wuthering Heights he takes a liking to Isabella, Edgarââ¬â¢s sister. This is Heathcliffââ¬â¢s way of bothering Cathy, not for revenge but just to get a rise out of her. If you really love someone, although you will get jealous, you want them to be happy even if it does not include being with you. ââ¬ËThatââ¬â¢s not the plan. The tyrant grinds down his slaves and they donââ¬â¢t turn against him; they crush those beneath them. You are welcome to torture me to death for your amusement, only allow me to amuse myself a little in the same style, and refrain from insult as much as you are able. Having levelled my palace, donââ¬â¢t erect a hovel and complacently admire your own charity in giving me that for a home. If I imagined you really wished me to marry Isabel, Iââ¬â¢d cut my throat! ââ¬Ëâ⬠Heathcliff admits that he knows that Catherine does not want him to marry Isabella, which is partly the reason he is marrying her. Heathcliff is trying to make Catherine jealous and it works quite well. Heathcliff does not truly love Cathy, he wants her to be miserable and envy Isabella like he envies Edgar. Catherine and Heathcliffââ¬â¢s love was a very selfish one, its almost like they used each other. They had no one else to be with, so they latched onto each other. ââ¬Å"Catherine Earnshaw, may you not rest as long as I am living! You said I killed youââ¬âhaunt me, then! The murdered do haunt their murderers. I believeââ¬âI know that ghosts have wandered on earth. Be with me alwaysââ¬âtake any formââ¬âdrive me mad! only do not leave me in this abyss, where I cannot find you! Oh God! it is unutterable! I cannot live without my life! (pg. 176) Heathcliff will not let Catherine rest or move on because he selfishly needs her to suffer with him. Heathcliff will then blame Cathy and say she has broken her own heart.ââ¬Å"You teach me how cruel youââ¬â¢ve been ââ¬â cruel and false. Why do you despise me? Why did you betray your own heart, Cathy? I have not o ne word of comfort. You deserve this. You have killed yourself. Yes, you may kiss me, and cry, and wring out my kisses and tears; theyââ¬â¢ll blight you ââ¬â theyââ¬â¢ll damn you. You loved meââ¬âthen what right had you to leave me? What rightââ¬âanswer meââ¬âfor the poor fancy you felt for Linton? Because misery, and degradation and death, and nothing that God or Satan could inflict would have parted us, you, of your own will, did it. I have not broken your heartââ¬âyou have broken it; and in breaking it, you have broken mineâ⬠( pg. 170) Heathcliff takes no responsibility for faults or mistakes he may have made, instead he chooses to blame them all on Cathy. It seems very few people know what true love is, and for those who have found it have found the most precious and wanted thing in the world. Catherine and Heathcliff think that they have true love but in reality they do not. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Papers Wuthering Heights Free Essays Emily Bronte was the middle woman in the most celebrated nineteenth century literary family. Supplemented by sister Anne and more renowned sibling Charlotte, she had a love for the Yorkshire moors and human passion, which are both reflected in the only novel she compiled in her 29 years ââ¬â Wuthering Heights. At the time of its release, 1847, this controversial text divided many critics, and still does to this day. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many, me included, do not appreciate its content or intended objectives. Others oppose this viewpoint, stating that itââ¬â¢s a masterpiece years, in terms of its originality, beyond the date of its initial publication. One thing does impress me in this carefully woven novel. Just as Francis Ford Coppola did with tremendous success in the Godfather Part II in 1976, Bronte splits the story into two with the future generation mirroring their ancestors, whether it be the characteristics or mistakes they duplicate there is an apparent resemblance between the old and new guard. The conflicting narrators provide both humour and useful insight into the inhabitants of the moors. Lockwood, the voice-over at the beginning, has acquired the tenancy of Thrushcross Grange and decides to introduce himself to his new landlord, Heathcliff. Their meeting takes place at the nearby Wuthering Heights household. Lockwood establishes a long-winded narrative, which suggests he is a well-educated man, but seems to lack direction. This is understandable considering he is placed in unfamiliar surroundings. Nevertheless, his landlord Heathcliff is hostile and unfriendly to Mr. Lockwood, who rather naively believes that their next meeting will drastically improve. Lockwoodââ¬â¢s second visit seems to be heading in the same direction as his previous one, with Heathcliffââ¬â¢s servant Joseph offering no help whatsoever. However, Lockwoodââ¬â¢s visit vastly improves due to the introduction of Hareton and Catherine. The above point, to a certain extent, condemns the admirers of the book and supports its critics. This is because the story development is regarded as coherent, whereas Lockwoodââ¬â¢s improved visit is unpredictable and surprising. Lockwood displays, as he did in his original assessment of Heathcliff, poor judgement, mistaking dead rabbits for cats and in attempting to piece together the family history. Heathcliff promptly corrects him. He is invited to stay where he unravels some of the family mystique and endures nightmares as a result. Lockwood, despite being accompanied by Heathcliff to the gate of Thrushcross Grange, loses himself and increases the journey considerably. Lockwood, desperate to know more, asks his new housekeeper, Nelly Dean to enlighten him of Heathcliffââ¬â¢s history. It is here where Lockwood hands over the narrative role to Dean. Nelly maintains this capacity for the remainder of the novel, albeit for the concluding three chapters, where Lockwood returns and resumes his role as commentator (symmetry.) The housekeeper is the complete opposite to her employer in terms of style. She uses elementary vocabulary, which is inferior to Lockwoodââ¬â¢s, but is far more effective as it is direct, relevant and essential in giving accounts of characters and their respective histories. This allows the reader to identify with that particular person and the motives and emotions behind their actions. Itââ¬â¢s revealed that Mr.Earnshaw, father of Catherine and Hindley, has adopted Heathcliff. Immediately this causes dissension in the Earnshaw ranks and both of Earnshawââ¬â¢s biological children dislike their relation. However, Catherine comes to grow fond of Heathcliff and the pair forge a tight-knit bond. Hindley displays jealousy. Not only has his sister changed her perspective on this outsider but, it appears that he has been displaced as Mr.Earnshawââ¬â¢s preferred son. After the death of his father, Hindley succeeds his father as the main resident at Wuthering Heights with his wife Frances. Catherine and Heathcliff have now established an intimate relationship, which furthers Hindleyââ¬â¢s disregard for Heathcliff. He, out of spite, degrades him by making him do intensive, boring work and isolate him from his sister by ordering Heathcliff to live with servants. Catherine, as a result of watching the Lintons at Thrushcross Grange, is attacked by guard dogs and her ankle is severely injured and is forced to remain at the Grange momentarily while Heathcliff returns to the Heights. Catherineââ¬â¢s tenure at Thrushcross Grange seems to have transformed her into a new person. After regaining full fitness, she returns a smart lady. The example of Catherineââ¬â¢s class elevation in just over a month reflects the impact the environment appears to have on the inhabitants. At Thrushcross, the surroundings are beautiful and captivated with fresh air, which is shown in the Lintons. Meanwhile, at Wuthering Heights, the house, located in a particularly rough region, is fading quickly. This has obviously rubbed off on Heathcliff and Hindley, who are possessive and bitter. While Catherineââ¬â¢s undoubted love for Heatcliff hasnââ¬â¢t diminished in their separation, it, possibly inadvertently, contributes to the eventual termination of their relationship, as she has developed affection for Edgar Linton. Catherine is given an ultimatum: Heathcliff or Edgar. She famously tells Nelly Dean: ââ¬Å"I am Heathcliff.â⬠This comment suggests that her allegiance with Heathcliff is unstoppable as he is a permanent part of her being, but her lust for a higher-class living and sense of security prevails. She chooses Linton. In my opinion, the primary focus of the novel, Catherine and Heathcliffââ¬â¢s relationship captures, perhaps unintentionally, Bronteââ¬â¢s use of symmetry and contrasts. Catherine, even before her visit to the Grange, is perceived as a warm woman. On the other hand, Heathcliff is a wild savage who attains a hardman reputation. The formation of their friendship and then blossoming romance, installs their partnerââ¬â¢s quality into them. Catherine livens up and becomes a little wilder while her elegance brings her companionââ¬â¢s positive attributes to our attention. Due to his rejection, Heathcliff embarks on a 3-year exile from the moors. Catherine and Edgar marry a further three years down the line and live together in the Grange. Heathcliff decides to return from his absence at this point and proceeds to cause friction within the Grange. Catherine is deleterious upon the return of her true loveââ¬â¢s return. Coinciding with this, Edgarââ¬â¢s sister Isabella becomes besotted with Heathcliff. The feeling is far from mutual, but Heathcliff, whose love is still reserved for Catherine, realises this is an ideal opportunity to spite Edgar. This fuels off arguments among Edgar, Catherine and Isabella. Heathcliff agrees to marry Isabella and her brother disowns her. Heathcliff has accomplished his sole purpose: To divide the Linton family. Volume 2 begins with the declining condition and inevitable death of Catherine. On the night of her death, she gives birth to Cathy Linton. Isabella and Heathcliff end their association. Heathcliff later discovers his wife has given birth to a son. A lengthy time-shift in the narration transpires. Edgar, after receiving note of Isabellaââ¬â¢s condition, orders for her child-Linton- to stay with him. Heathcliff has a devious plan: For his son, Linton and Cathy to marry which would ensure his entitlement of both Thrushcross Grange and Wuthering Heights. Edgar learns of Heathcliffââ¬â¢s intention and attempts to prevent his daughter from coming into contact with either Heathcliff or Linton. Rather like her mother, Cathyââ¬â¢s desire to interact with Linton cannot be denied and she communicates with him privately ââ¬â like Catherine did with Heathcliff in the early stages of the novel. Edgar then dies and Linton is handed ownership of Thrushcross as opposed to his descendant Cathy. Following Lintonââ¬â¢s death, Cathy is cruelly unable to seize ownership because she is now Heathcliffââ¬â¢s daughter-in-law and he, not her, becomes landlord. As he dictates the Grange he decides to install a new tenant and orders her to live with him at Wuthering Heights. Like with previous inhabitants, Wuthering Heights only serves to change her into a miserable woman. Heathcliff, rather than inflict more suffering, seems now to be more concerned with being buried with Catherine than interfere with Cathyââ¬â¢s affairs. He tells Nelly Dean that sheââ¬â¢s haunted him for years. Cathy then forms a friendship with Hareton, which like her mother lays the foundations for a relationship. Heathcliff finally dies through his burning desire to lie with Catherine. Catherine and Cathy travel very similar paths. Theyââ¬â¢re strong-minded, lively and delectable women who have both engaged in two stern relationships. (Catherine with Edgar and Heathcliff, Cathy with Linton and Hareton.) Their respective happiness, it seems is heavily influenced by the mere presence of Thrushcross Grange. As well as this, Catherine begins her life at Wuthering Heights and Cathy ends the novel there, rather like the aforementioned narrative symmetry between Lockwood and Nelly Dean. One intriguing thing is that while Thrushcross Grange brought the best out of the pair personally, itââ¬â¢s difficult to say if it was there that they were their happiest there. Cathy must be relieved that she has found love with Hareton at the Heights after her previous marriage to Linton. And Catherine even confirmed it was Heathcliff, who she mingled with during her time at Wuthering Heights, not Edgar that she loved. Heathcliff remains the same throughout. An uncaring person, that divides two generations. First of all Mr. Earnshawââ¬â¢s relationship with his son Hindley deteriorates as a result and then later causes friction between Cathy and Edgar. As mentioned above with regards to Catherine and her daughter, Heathcliff is involved in the two three-way relationships. Participating in the original affair and emerging the unlucky party in conjunction with Edgar and Catherine and instigating Cathyââ¬â¢s two marriages with son Linton and Hareton. Despite this though, Catherine who heââ¬â¢s rightfully buried with, exposes his sensitive side, even after her death and his marriage to Isabella. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Papers Wuthering Heights Free Essays Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte is a novel about passion and its many consequences. The story takes place at two completely different estates. One Wuthering Heights were the Earnshaws and Heathcliff reside. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Wuthering Heights is a place of disorder. The people that live in the house have no limits to their passions and become violent. The other estate, Thrushcross Grange, is inhabited by the Linton family, people have established rules of social law and principles. In the novel, Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte, though appearance and people, represents the two houses as complete opposites, Wuthering Heights as turmoil and Thrushcross Grange as peace, to serve the theme of the novel that only together they give the symbol of subsistence. The different appearances and decor of the two houses, Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange further the dissimilar aspects of the house as well as the people who reside in each house. Wuthering Heights,â⬠the name of the house immediately suggest that life there in not free from commotion. The word ââ¬Å"wutheringâ⬠perfectly describes the weather of the immediate area around the house. The climate is ââ¬Å"descriptive of the atmospheric tumultâ⬠to which it is ââ¬Å"exposed in stormy weather. â⬠The house is extremely prone to stormy weather for it is situated on top a hill, alone and far away from any other human habitat. The proximity to the mysterious and furtiveness furthermore adds to the gloomy atmosphere of Wuthering Heights. It is a place of darkness and dismalness. The wind near Wuthering Heights is also so powerful and long lasting in an ââ¬Å"excessive slantâ⬠and a range of gaunt thorn ââ¬Å"all [stretch] their limbs one way. â⬠The wind pushes these trees for such a long time that they have adapted to its presence and sway endlessly to prevent their trucks from cracking. Because of the strong everlasting weather, the house is built sturdily. It has narrow windows that have been ââ¬Å"deeply set in the wallâ⬠and corners that are defended ââ¬Å"with large jutting stones. Just as the weather seems to attach the house and underlying areas, the inhabitants seems to rant inside in a similar manner. And not only do these qualities accomplish that task of describing the murkiness that exists there, but the dicor is also very influential in creating the same mood of turmoil and disorder. The house is decorated with ââ¬Å"sundry, villainous old gunsâ⬠and a ââ¬Å"couple of pistols. â⬠The display of firearms greatly implies the violence present in this house. Furthermore, this wretched dwelling is rampant with dogs. There is a ââ¬Å"swarm of squealing puppiesâ⬠around a ââ¬Å"liver-colored bitch pointer. â⬠These dogs, like the human residents of Wuthering Heights, are easily agitated. When the visitor teases then a bit, they viciously attack and the resident do not attempt to sway the attack, but merely comment on its humor. This event emphasizes the violence present and total lack of concern for standards of society the people have. Thrushcross Grange is the other hand is free from the tempestuous weather and is lavishing. The Grange is a ââ¬Å"beautifulâ⬠and ââ¬Å"splendid place. Life at the Grange is kept within bounds just like the Grange exist as well-planned part within the boundary of its own walls. The house is ââ¬Å"carpeted with crimsonâ⬠rugs and has a ââ¬Å"pure white ceiling bordered by gold. â⬠This suggests that it is a place of refinement and elegance. Books fill its walls, implying that it is a place of intellect and order. The Grange is extravagant and classy, attributes lacking at Wuthering Heights. Both houses appearance and dicor reveals the events that occur inside the houses. The people who live in the houses and the actions in each house reveal the aspect that the two houses are complete opposites and only together can exist in harmony. The house the people stay in gives them a totally different identity. For example, at Wuthering Heights Catherine is unruly. At Wuthering Heights she is a ââ¬Å"wild, wicked slipâ⬠always laughing when made to apologize for bad actions. She takes nothing seriously at Wuthering Heights and revels in the lack of code of conduct. The house even influences her violent nature. She hurts Ellen ââ¬Å"extremelyâ⬠by leaving a ââ¬Å"purple witness,â⬠and after lying about the inflicting this mark she slap Ellen ââ¬Å"on the cheek. â⬠She also seizes her nephew Hareton by his shoulders and shakes him until he is ââ¬Å"waxed livid. â⬠She is temporarily stopped and restrained by Edgar Linton who is visiting but soon she boxes his ears unleashing her wrath. She is so unrestrained that anything goes. No actions have moral limits at Wuthering Heights and for Catherine when she is there. In contrast, at Thrushcross Grange there exist certain limits and rules. When Catherine first visits the Grange, she is given very good treatment. Her behavior is immediately affected for she sits ââ¬Å"on the sofa quietlyâ⬠while getting her ââ¬Å"feet washedâ⬠and getting fed wonderful food. Staying five weeks, she takes up ââ¬Å"fine clothesâ⬠and flattery. No longer is she a hatless little savage. â⬠She is a ââ¬Å"dignifiedâ⬠and ââ¬Å"a lady nowâ⬠with ââ¬Å"splendid garments. â⬠Her attitude has totally changed. She experiences what it feels like to be a lady and seems to like it to a certain extend. Thrushcross Grange influences Catherine for the better but soon Wuthering Heights takes over again. The people who live in each house become different when living in other house. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Papers Wuthering Heights Free Essays One of the most precious classics of all time, Wuthering Heights is a love story which defied its contemporaries at that time. The tragic events surrounding the first generation of lovers ââ¬â whose love transpired within the confines of the mansion in the moors ââ¬â portrayed the passionate intensity of how vengeance form out of love. The work of Emily Bronte first released in 1847, centered on the tangled lives of the main characters Catherine and Heathcliff, where each of the characterââ¬â¢s behavior has been shaped by the people surrounding them and their love for one another. We will write a custom essay sample on Wuthering Heights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Unlike the other tragic romance novels, the relationship of Catherine and Heathcliff has been bounded by the endless chase of an eternal love affair with each other, driven by grief and revenge. The complexity of the structure on how the novel has been narrated gives a clear image of the long and deep-seated motivation behind Heathcliffââ¬â¢s vengeance. The anti-hero that Heathcliff has always been, he is depicted as a dark brooding man blinded by his intensities and driven by his murky past. Catherine, on the other hand, is a high-spirited girl torn by her conflicting desires to embrace the sophistication of the Lintons and her love for Heathcliff, who grew up as a brute, barbaric young man very much opposite of the more socially acceptable Edgar. The charactersââ¬â¢ weaknesses can be considered to be highlighted more than their strengths ââ¬â where the charactersââ¬â¢ realistic portrayal appears more humanly than the novelââ¬â¢s other counterparts. The novelââ¬â¢s title being derived from a word associated with violent weather suitably depicted the drastic and muddled events resulted from the love between Catherine and Heathcliff. Tragic events ââ¬â mostly relating to deaths- have been always narrated in the novel with dark clouds, booming thunder, and heavy rainfall occurring. The mansion amidst the moors is the vanguard of the embodiment of Catherine and Heathcliffââ¬â¢s love for each other. The beauty surrounding the moors and the exquisite architectural design of the mansion represents the divine attribute on how both of them regard each other ââ¬â being inseparable during childhood and their reunion after death depicted by their ghosts seen by the locals. On the other hand, the storms which frequently occur on the moors symbolizes the intensity of their love as the main cause of destruction for both of them and for the people involved with their lives. The storm signifies death and turmoil inside the mansion and the charactersââ¬â¢ lives (Jack, Bronte, and Stoneman 1995: xii). Growing up as the adopted son of Mr. Earnshaw, Nelly described young Heathcliff as ââ¬Å"simply insensibleâ⬠(Bronte 1848) where he would not shed a tear or shows any signs of pain whenever Hindley beat him up. This characteristic of Heathcliff as a numb person, hardened by the sufferings of his childhood past, goes hand in hand with his passionate love for Catherine. As grew closer with Catherine, his numb self started to ignite and develop a feeling towards his playmate and partner-in-crime, ââ¬â an affection which maybe alien to him before. The story progresses with their love growing stronger and their bond becomes inseparable. Both of them ââ¬â especially Heathcliff ââ¬â became so attached with the intensity of their feelings and when that moment came when Catherine decided to marry Edgar, Heathcliff considered this as a huge betrayal for him. His vengeance is meant for the people who have done him wrong in the past ââ¬â an act of mental self-repair (Szasz 1996:72). From here on, the revenge which Heathcliff started plotting immediately ensued when he came back as an educated gentleman to compete with Edgar. It is inevitable that a love so intense ending up in a huge disappointment resulted into the same amount of hatred. Catherineââ¬â¢s most famous declaration of ââ¬Å"I am Heathcliffâ⬠which refer to their identities as united lovers in one soul. This single identity represents what kind of love they have ââ¬â the eternal kind ââ¬â however, due to the events which happened around them, this single identity became the very source of all the tragedies inflicted to them and by them. Catherine and Heathcliff are very much engrossed with each other which depicted an obsessive kind of love the moment vengeance started. Emily Bronteââ¬â¢s work is one of the earliest classic which depicted the case of fatal love. At least in the case of Catherine and Heathcliff, death is the only nirvana for both of them. How to cite Wuthering Heights, Papers
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